If you are referring to UCUM, then “ { }” are used to define an annotation comment that clarifies but does not alter the meaning of the pre-coordinated unit of measure. ( See section 2.4 of the standard UCUM / UCUM Specification )
Depending on which code system you are referring to may change the compositional grammar standard for the use of curly braces, so will need more specifics from you before the question may be fully answered.